知觉和假说都能够在信 号或数据（注：数据，原译为与料，书中第7 页有注：与料(data)，又叫感觉与料 (sense-datum)，意为直接给予的材料，在哲学中一般指知觉的直接对象，即未经任 何推论而直接知觉到的东西。
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sense datum 感觉材料 ; 感性材料
N a sensation detached both from any information it may convey and from its putative source in the external world, such as the bare awareness of a red visual field. Sense data are held by some philosophers to be the immediate objects of experience providing certain knowledge from which knowledge of material objects is inferred 经验因素 [philosophy] → see also representationalism, apriorism
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