So subtlety is out and it's back to the age-old problem for both men and women: who has the guts to risk rejection with the direct approach?

所以，有了更细微的问题，也即对于男人和女人，都回到那古老的问题：谁更有胆量承担拒绝直接态度的风险？

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It's also likely that related individuals may be better candidates for transplants because of the reduced risk for rejection — good news for Ottosson and her daughter.

而有血缘关系的人更有希望成为移植手术的候选者，因为这可以降低排异反应的风险——这对Ottosson和她的女儿来说是个好消息。

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Some believe the regulatory hurdles for treatments derived from a patient's own cells will be lower than those where the cells come from donors, since there is less risk of cell rejection.

一些人认为来自于自身干细胞治疗的病人，其治疗的调节风险低于那些捐赠干细胞治疗的病人，由于前者细胞排斥的风险会更低。

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Invokana has been subject to intense scrutiny and speculation because last year a similar drug, Forxiga (generic name dapagliflozin), developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb in partnership with AstraZeneca, was rejected by the FDA. The reason for the rejection was concern over liver damage and cancer risk, specifically breast cancer and bladder cancer.

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If pigs could be genetically modified to reduce the risk of organ rejection, it might be possible to use their organs for permanent transplants, not just temporary ones, many scientists believe.

CNN: Researchers clone pigs

Because these cells would essentially be clones made from the patient's own cells, there would be no risk of the rejection problems typical with organ transplants, and therefore no need for the drugs that prevent the immune system from attacking a transplanted organ.

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