Branded-goods groups must decide how much of the slump is cyclical and how much reflects a permanent change in consumer behavior.

名牌商品集团必须分成辨出，此轮市场萧条多大程度上是周期性现象，多大程度上反映了消费者行为的永久性改变。

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Africa, the next frontier for branded consumer goods, poses similar challenges, with both firms starting mostly in similarly weak positions.

ECONOMIST: Consumer goods

As of today, China slaps excessive customs duties on imported products, especially branded consumer goods, which end up making them almost 50% dearer than those available in overseas markets.

FORBES: Estee Lauder Cakes On Growth In China But Stock Should Be $60 Tops

Targeted advertising, which directly compares the quality of a branded product with a private-label rival, is also a short-term solution for consumer-goods companies, which are keen to remind their customers why paying more is a good idea.

ECONOMIST: Consumer goods in the recession