According to vehicle driving conditions active front steering can achieve the desired steering ratio, which meets the flexibility at low speed and stability at high speed.

Some cars have variable-ratio steering, which uses a rack-and-pinion gear set that has a different tooth pitch (number of teeth per inch) in the center than it has on the outside.

There are the entire vehicle mass, the position of mass center, cornering stiffness coefficients, steering - system stiffness and steering ratio.