Three very large volcanoes are found on the Tharsis bulge, an enormous geologic area near Mars's equator.

The crew will follow a meticulously planned east to west route across the equator to capture as much valuable sunshine as possible.

The responses of sea surface temperature (SST) in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool to the westerly wind bursts (WWBs) play an important role in the relationship between WWB and ENSO.