Is Apple a monopolist, copycat and bully?
苹果是垄断者、抄袭者、行业霸王吗？
Transition Three: Monopolist to Savvy Defendant
转变之三：从垄断者到精明的被告
At worst, you can say it's a highly repentant, largely accidental monopolist.
即便是在最坏的情况下，你也只可以说微软是个时常忏悔的意外垄断者。
Draw the demand, marginal-revenue, and marginal-cost curves for a monopolist.
画出垄断者的需求曲线、边际收益曲线和边际成本曲线。
But Google is not a monopolist-just a company that is, for the moment at least, ahead of its peers.
不过，至少现在Google还不是垄断者，它只不过是自己所在行业的领头羊罢了。
By definition, the demand curve facing the monopolist is the industry demand curve which is downward sloping.
根据其定义，垄断者所面对的需求曲线(即是行业的需求曲线)是向下倾斜的。
The biggest problem that insiders see is the European Union's ruling that Microsoft is an abusive monopolist.
内部的人见到的最大问题是欧盟的判决微软是一个辱骂的独占者。
Although it has some power in the market, the ACP is no monopolist, able to hold the world's shipping lines to ransom.
尽管运河管理局拥有一些市场支配力，可以决定世界航运线的畅通与否，却并不是一家独大。
Thus, the monopolist has significant power over the price it charges, i. e. is a price setter rather than a price taker.
因此，垄断者在价格确定上拥有很大的力量，它是价格的制定者而不是接受者。
It is theoretic and realistic for the game analysis on monopolist on pricing strategies of network Externalities products.
垄断企业网络外部性产品定价策略的博弈分析具有重大理论价值和现实意义。
The model in this paper uses one multi-product monopolist and a continuum of consumers, and there is asymmetric information.
在本文的模型中，包含著一家多产品的独占厂商与连续分布的消费者，并于独占厂商与消费者之间存在著不对称讯息。
It described Baidu, which has around 75% of the market for Internet searches in China, as a "monopolist" that abuses its power.
它把百度，一个在中国互联网搜索市场上占有75%市场份额的搜索引擎，描述为一个滥用权利的垄断者。
To ITS opponents, it is a brazen attempt by a crafty monopolist to lock up some of the world's most valuable intellectual property.
在竞争对手看来，谷歌如同一只精于垄断的老狐狸，厚颜无耻到竟然想把世界最宝贵的知识财富锁进自家柜里。
Microsoft, the monopolist in software industry, has announced a new line of clothing, in partnership with rapper Common, called Softwear.
软件业的垄断者微软，宣布了一条和说唱歌手Common合作的新的服装生产线，叫做Softwear。
Some people take joy in Microsoft's struggles, as the popular view in recent years paints the company as an unrepentant intentional monopolist.
微软陷入了困境。有些人感到幸灾乐祸，近几年的流行观点也将它描绘成死不悔改的蓄意垄断者。
Since at the new low price customers will want to buy more than before, the monopolist must expand production, thus losing even more money.
由于价格降低后，顾客的需求会上升，垄断巨头必须扩大生产，因此将会损失更大。
However, when there are in the presence of both network effects and piracy, the monopolist can deter the piracy by specific pricing strategy.
而当正网络效应与盗版并存时，垄断公司可以制定阻止盗版的定价策略。
This simply means that if a monopolist wants to increase sales, it must lower its prices, it cannot rate a price that consumers in the market will not bear.
这就意味着，如果一个垄断者想增加销量，就必须降低其价格，不能率的价格，消费者在市场上不承担。
When the network effect is strong, the enterprise not engaged in merger should be excluded from the market, and the merging enterprise should be monopolist.
当网络效应很强时，未兼并企业将被逐出市场，兼并企业成为市场的垄断厂商。
Consider an incumbent monopolist faced with two potential competitors who can enter the market by developing some substitute, but inferior, production technology.
市场上存在一个在位企业和两个潜在进入者，潜在进入者可以通过开发劣于在位企业已有技术的替代技术进入市场。
And it analyses the results of simulation, the results show that this method expand the theory of price of monopolist and improve the utilization of the theory as well.
演示系统过程和结果表明，该方法扩充了现代厂商定价理论，增加了现代厂商定价理论的实用性。
That's right. The world's third-biggest company, measured by market value, is about to discover that the line between cool upstart and ugly monopolist is a very thin one.
由市场价值所评估的世界第三大公司将会揭露出那条划分酷酷的暴发户和丑恶的垄断家之间的浅浅的分界线。
At the beginning of this decade Microsoft, then feared as a bullying monopolist, tried but failed to create a "single sign-on" called "Passport" for the whole web. Nobody signed on.
在本世代初微软尚作为一个恃强凌弱的垄断者而广为畏惧时，它即试图为整个网络提供一种名为“通行证”的“一次性登陆”的解决方案，但却以失败告终，因为没有人登陆它。
This behaviour is rational on the part of the monopolist, but is often seen by competition authorities as an abuse of a monopoly position, whether or not the monopoly itself is sanctioned.
这种行为在垄断者来看是理智的，但是竞争权威们认为无论垄断被禁止与否这都是对垄断地位的滥用。
Despite public and private protests, Google gave the ultimatum that only a monopolist can give: in order to appear in Web search, you must allow us to use your content to compete against you.
我们在公开和私下场合都表示过抗议，但谷歌却对我们下达了只有垄断寡头才会给出的最后通牒：如果你们想要在网络搜索中出现，就必须允许我们使用你们的内容与你们展开竞争。
Saudi Arabia is one of the most important countries in the Middle East, and it has always taken the leading role in the oil policy transformation of the international petroleum monopolist OPEC.
作为中东地区重要国家之一，沙特阿拉伯亦是石油输出国组织（欧佩克）的主要成员，在国际石油市场拥有举足轻重的地位。
Saudi Arabia is one of the most important countries in the Middle East, and it has always taken the leading role in the oil policy transformation of the international petroleum monopolist OPEC.
作为中东地区重要国家之一，沙特阿拉伯亦是石油输出国组织（欧佩克）的主要成员，在国际石油市场拥有举足轻重的地位。
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