By the same token, if literature has effects, it must have effects on someone, and this gives rise to the equally interesting and vexing question, "What is a reader?"

同样，如果文学史有影响的，它一定会对某些人产生影响，它也会引出一个同样有趣,而恼人的问题，“读者是谁？“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

By the same token the cult, Kaufman says, has no automatic or material power.

出于同样的原因，祭仪本身不能产生能量。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Now by the same token, James Joyce other Modernists like James Joyce are also contributing to this idea of the independent unity of the work of art.

同样的，一些现代主义作家如,也对艺术作品独立的一致性,这一观点作出了贡献。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

And through this way behaviorists have developed token economies where they get nonhuman animals to do interesting things for seemingly arbitrary rewards like poker chips.

通过这种方式,行为主义者们发明了代币法,他们用一种特定的类似于扑克筹码的奖励,来训练非人类动物。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So for instance, institutions like mental institutions and some prisons have installed token economies where there's rewards for good behavior, often poker chips of a sort.

比如像精神病院和监狱这样的机构,都引入了代币法,来奖励良好行为，这些代币通常是扑克筹码一类的东西。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

By the same token--I still speak Latin--the sound image corresponding to it is "arbor."

同样的，用拉丁语来讲，它的声音形象,和，arbor，这个词对应“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选