Right. So, he took fluid from a cowpox lesion on a cow, and he injected it into his children and his wife, reasoning that this would protect them from disease, even though they didn't have as much contact with cows as farmers did.

就是这样,他从奶牛身上的,天花瘢痕中取出液体,将之注入他的妻儿体内,认为这样可以保护他们不得天花,即使他们并不像农民一样时时与奶牛接触

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When you would take the fluid from the cow, and you would inject it underneath the skin of a person you wanted to protect, then at that site where you injected it, you would get a lesion that looked like a smallpox or cowpox lesion.

当你从奶牛上得到脓液,并把脓液注射到想受到保护的,人的皮肤下面,然后在你注射的地方,你会看到像天花或者牛痘一样的病变

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But what if instead of taking the fluid from a cow, I inoculated--he inoculated me, let's say, and waited until I had the lesion at the right stage, then took some of my fluid and gave it to Brian and Nate and Mirtalla and spread it through the community around me.

但假如不从奶牛那儿取得脓液,假设说是从他那里接种,等到病变程度合适,然后把我的脓液给,布莱恩和纳特还有米特拉,并在我身边的人们之间传播

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The other problem is that as it was passed from me to another individual, to another individual, then the vaccine could change in some ways that were hard to predict because what accumulates in the lesion in my arm is different in some way than what accumulates in the lesion on a cow.

另外一个问题是当疫苗从我这传到另一人,到另一个个体,疫苗可能会发生某些改变,这种改变很难预测,因为胳膊上积累的病变,与牛身上积累的病变是不太一样的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选