Yup. So it's just that ionization energy 94×10-18J that we have experimentally measured, 3 . 9 4 times 10 to the negative 18 joules.

它就是我们通过实验测得的,电离能3。,我们用所有的这些。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And if we experimentally know z what the ionization energy is, we actually have a way to find out what the z effective will be equal to.

我们实际上就有了一个办法,去找出有效的，等于多少,我们可以使用这里的方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Experimentally, though, that's not such an easy situation to arrange.

但是保持熵恒定在实验上很难实现，当然保持温度。

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So there's less range of what you can do experimentally.

因此只有更少的种类,用来做这种实验。

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The Born exponent is determined experimentally, and there are tables of that.

因为Born指数是由实验决定的，而且这里有它的数据表格。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And remember again, the binding energy physically is the negative of the ionization energy, and that's actually how you can experimentally check to see if this is actually correct.

电离能的负值，那个事实上是可以,通过实验来验证，它是否是对的,并且它等于负的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So what we'll start with today is talking about the technique that's primarily used to actually experimentally figure out what these different energy levels are.

因此，我们今天首先要讨论的就是,最常用来在实验上,确定不同能级的技术。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So I said that this technique was used to experimentally determine what the different binding energies or the different ionization energies are for the different states in a multielectron atom.

我说过，这项技术被用来,在实验上确定多电子原子的,各个不同态相应的束缚能,或者电离能。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And this was experimentally validated, hopefully, even more clearly than our experiment here.

而且这是通过实验验证的，比我们这里的实验更为清楚。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

You wouldn't be expected to be able to guess that this would happen, because using any kind of simple theory, we would, in fact, predict that this would not be the case, but what we find experimentally is that it's more stable to have half filled d orbital than to have a 4 s 2, and a 3 d 4.

你们不用预期有能力,猜出这个会发生，因为使用任一种简单的理论，我们事实上可以预测不会是那种情况，但是我们在实验中发现的,是半填充d轨道比,4s23d4更加稳定。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选