乘以化学势。
We think about chemical potential.
我们考虑化学势。
If you want the chemical potential.
如果你想知道化学势。
That's just the chemical potential.
这是化学势。
包括化学势。
Same chemical potential as if it were pure.
所以A的化学势不变，就好像A是纯的。
Because the chemical potential is lower inside.
因为里面的化学势低。
Subtract a little bit of chemical potential from the reactants.
减去一点反应物的，化学势。
Now, what do we know about the chemical potential in both parts?
我们现在怎么知道，这两边的化学势？
So it's going to be the chemical potential of the pure material.
所以他的化学势，等于纯物质的化学势。
Now, the chemical potential, as we saw, was the Gibbs free energy.
现在，化学势，就像我们看到的，等于吉布斯自由能。
And that's what's resulting in the decrease in chemical potential.
结果导致，化学势的降低。
So that's a very simple expression for the chemical potential of a.
那是A的化学势的，一个十分简单的表达式。
So if we work out the chemical potential, it's just one over N times A.
如果我们计算出化学势，它就是N分之一乘以A
And that's going to change what the chemical potential of a species is.
这回改变，物质的化学势。
The chemical potential has to be equal outside and inside the container.
容器内外的化学势,必须相等。
We know a lot about the chemical potential of something in the gas phase.
我们对于气相中的一些成分的，化学势了解很多。
So we're going to reference this to some standard state chemical potential.
所以要把它们，与标准状态化学势。
And that would change what the reference potential is chemical potential is.
这也会改变，参考化学势。
Right, it's just a number of moles times the chemical potential in each case.
对的，它只是摩尔数，乘以每种情况的化学势。
But as the pressure rises, now the chemical potential changes and goes up.
但是当压强升高的时候，化学式也会改变，上升。
That it's equal to the chemical potential RTlogp at one bar for an ideal gas plus RT log p.
等于对于理想气体一巴时的,化学势加上。
And so the chemical potential of the water is strongly affected by all the other constituents.
水的化学势受到，其他成分的强烈影响。
Well, that's just the chemical potential of a, in the pure state, at temperature t and pressure pT.
好，这就是A的化学势，在纯态，温度为T，压强为p总时。
In other words, the difference in the chemical potential is, this changes as a function of pressure.
换句话说，化学势之差等于，这个差值随着压强的变化。
And we're going to have to write chemical potential for a species, a, let's say, which is in solution.
我们需要写出，物质a的化学势。
What this is telling us is that we just have a chemical potential, of Helmholtz free energy per molecule.
这告诉我们的是，我们只有化学势，每个分子的亥姆霍兹自由能。
By the way, it's convenient because it looks just like the chemical potential in a mixture of ideal gases.
顺便说一下，它很简便，因为它看起来就像理想气体，混合物中化学势的表达式。
Every single component has to have its chemical potential its chemical potential equal throughout the phases.
因为每一个组分在所有相中的化学势,都必须相等。
Just from starting from our understanding of what the chemical potential does even in a simple ideal mixture.
从对化学势，在简单理想，混合里的行为的理解开始。
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