Indonesia's faltering economy and political scandals have also undermined the authority of the central government.
But the prospects of re-asserting central government authority over the lawless areas where al-Qaeda is based look, in the opinion of some analysts, remote - even with beefed-up American support.
BBC: Yemen instability poses a 'global threat', says Clinton
In this grab bag of proscriptions and prescriptions, can we find a provision defining the size and scope of the central government authority in creating and maintaining a social welfare system?
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It will be a major test of Washington's authority, and the extent to which the central government may consider vestiges of voting discrimination that may still linger, potentially keeping some minority voters disenfranchised.
Tanaka, formerly vice chairman of the Japan Atomic Energy Commission, appears to get his authority from Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda as opposed to the central government of the Diet, the Japanese parliament.
FORBES: Fukushima Slugfest -- Japan's New Nuclear Regulation Authority
So they bypassed the 30 provinces, and handed most of the money and authority to the 360 or so districts considered too small to challenge the central government.
Hashimoto has also found with Noda important areas of agreement, particularly reforming the system of regional administration to create larger, more autonomous regional units that would take over authority from the central government.
FORBES: Tokyo Buzzing with Talk of Political Party Realignment
Unions claim the authority will be forced to cut the largest number of jobs in its history as it faces a drop in central government grants.
The paper challenges the Scottish government to set out the cost of setting up and running a treasury, tax authority and central bank, a welfare structure, a foreign service, armed forces, an interior ministry to handle citizenship, immigration and border control, and regulators for issues including pensions, energy, telecommunications, health and safety, takeovers and advertising standards.
In doing so, they are obliged to grant the central Soviet government the authority to negate virtually any act of a republic.
They do so despite knowing that the central government of Hamid Karzai is desperately trying to establish its authority and has been hamstrung by the defiance of the local warlords.
Counter to Tory policy nationally, Wiltshire councillors agreed to abolish four district councils and merge into one unitary authority - saving a fortune in bureaucracy but cutting a deal with the then Labour government that none of its central funding would be reduced.
Through it all, we have never relinquished our skepticism of central authority, nor have we succumbed to the fiction that all society's ills can be cured through government alone.
They operate as academies, and like them, do not have to follow the national curriculum, can vary the pay and conditions of teachers, are directly funded by central government and are outside of local authority control.
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