disruptions, such as distributed denial-of-service attacks aimed at overloading or paralyzing a website;

崩溃，譬如分散式拒绝服务袭击，旨在使网站运行超载或使它瘫痪；

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Probabilistic Packet Marking for IP Traceback was proposed to defend against distributed denial-of-service attacks.

数据包抽样标记技术是为了应对分布式拒绝服务攻击而提出的一种IP追踪技术。

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Botnets are often used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, which bring web servers down by overloading them with traffic, but this new line of attack is different.

僵尸网络通常被用于进行分布式拒绝服务(Distributed Denial of service, DDoS)攻击，其可以通过使其流量过载的方式使网络服务器瘫痪；但这种新的攻击与之不同。

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GitHub, the social coding service, has been plagued by two days of distributed denial-of-service attacks.

FORBES: Software Engineers Are In Demand, And GitHub Is How You Find Them

Some 29 institutions were affected by so-called distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS) which overload a site with data causing it to fall over.

BBC: South Korea hit by cyber attacks

Anderson said the U.S. may end up with a new type of weaponry for launching massive distributed denial-of-service attacks and computer viruses.

CNN: U.S. Army kick-starts cyberwar machine