缺乏
...,对一个人而言,自由可以说是一种没有强制(absence of coercion)的状态,因此,就这个意义上来说,它由于是以缺乏(absence)这个概念来界定的,所以是一种消极的概念(页19、425)。
不在场
因为他是一个“不在场”(Absence),所以我们可以将其解释为上帝,庄园主或别的什么,但这样的理解未免过于实指,也未必剀切。
Absenteeism is a habitual pattern of absence from a duty or obligation. Traditionally, absenteeism has been viewed as an indicator of poor individual performance, as well as a breach of an implicit contract between employee and employer; it was seen as a management problem, and framed in economic or quasi-economic terms. More recent scholarship seeks to understand absenteeism as an indicator of psychological, medical, or social adjustment to work.
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