So now the party's powerful Propaganda Department is lending its weight to the reformist camp.
Hou Hanmin, director of the Xinjiang government's propaganda department, said Tuesday's clashes began as officials described as community workers searched homes for weapons.
Schools lay in heaps of concrete and rebar, and the Central Propaganda Department, a government agency with the power to remove editors and shut down publications, banned coverage of rescue efforts at the schools.
The pseudonym of the People's Daily columnist, Zhong Xuanli, is one the department has used before to signal its authorship (the name sounds in Chinese like an abbreviation of the Propaganda Department Theoretical Bureau).
Hong Kong's Apple Daily accuses the Communist Party of unleashing a "red terror" on the mainland media and internet after the propaganda department reportedly launched a "new three-anti's personnel" campaign targeting "anti-party, anti-state, anti-nation" media workers.
Hanoi Propaganda and Education Department head Ho Quang Loi said that the authorities had hired hundreds of so-called "internet polemists" in the fight against "online hostile forces".
BBC: Vietnam admits deploying bloggers to support government
The Department of Propaganda ordered editors to give the crash as little attention as possible.
Maturin was involved in wartime espionage and there is a strong suggestion that O'Brian's notorious secrecy derived from his own experience working for the Political Intelligence Department during the Second World War, supplying 'black' propaganda to undermine German morale.
Unlike decades past, however, the United States today does little to counter foreign propaganda, aside from requiring groups that receive foreign funding to register with the Justice Department under the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA) of 1938 that was originally set up to track Nazi propaganda.
Pearl, 38, a reporter for The Wall Street Journal, was kidnapped in January by Muslim extremists in Pakistan and was confirmed dead by the State Department on February 21 after authorities obtained the video, in which Pearl was forced to make propaganda statements and then was killed.
Department officials said the ad was meant to educate the public, but congressional Republicans said it was partisan propaganda and demanded that it be pulled.
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