The effects of predation risk in small mammals are mainly include: changes of behavior, activation of the neural circuit and variation of the endocrine.

捕食风险对小型哺乳动物的影响主要包括行为的改变、神经环路的激活和内分泌的变化。

youdao

We thus conclude that the aphids have the ability to detect the presence of P. japonica and adopt initiative avoidance responses to reduce the predation risk.

结论认为，桃蚜可以识别龟纹瓢虫的存在，并对其作出一定的躲避反应，从而降低被捕食的风险。

youdao

The high incidence of promiscuity among females coupled with the fact that they increase their risk of predation, parasites and disease to mate with multiple males suggests that there must be a benefit to the behaviour.

BBC: Infidelity is not common among other big cats