In many cases we would like to perform this operation in the background and update or change only a part of the page.

很多情况下，我们都想在后台执行此操作，只更新或改变页面的一部分内容。

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In the portal environment, refreshing an entire page to deliver one functionality can be an expensive operation in terms of network resources and overall performance.

在门户环境中，为了使用某项功能而刷新整个页面需要占用大量网络资源并损害整体性能。

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The VehicleInventory does this with the mark (expiry) operation, in which the expiry parameter is a timeout period in case the customer leaves the page without completing the reservation.

VehicleInventory通过mark (expiry)操作完成这一点，其中expiry参数为保留给客户的最长时间，以应付他未完成预约就离开页面的情形。

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Robinson, who was accompanied on the spacewalk by crewmate Soichi Noguchi, had received instructions in a 12-page e-mail to prepare him for the removal operation.

BBC: NEWS | Science/Nature | Astronaut fixes shuttle problem

Simply put, it's a big step from "liking" a Facebook page to joining a get-out-the-vote operation or distributing campaign literature in your neighborhood.

WSJ: Sadanand Dhume: Don't Bet on India to Elect the Thatcherite