On average the 46 animal species moved from Appendix II to Appendix I between 1980 and 2003 were traded at 135% above normal volumes in the year before a ban (see chart).

ECONOMIST: Protecting endangered species less could help save them

Dr Rivalan and his colleagues have shown that this long-winded process gives the market so much time to respond that bumping animals up from Appendix II to Appendix I can do more harm than good.

ECONOMIST: Protecting endangered species less could help save them

Campaigners who had worked for decades to get these species listed in Appendix II of Cites said it was a landmark day.

BBC: Landmark shark ban upheld at conservation meeting