Studying such atomic waves has led to the discovery of new states of matter—Bose-Einstein condensates and degenerate Fermi gases.

超冷原子的德布罗意波波长的研究导致了新的发现比如波色-爱因斯坦凝聚状态和气体的简并压力。

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The first pure Bose-Einstein condensate was created in Colorado in 1995 using a cloud of rubidium atoms cooled to less than 170 nanokelvin.

第一个纯粹的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态是在1995年使用一大群铷原子在科罗拉多(美国西部的州)所建立起来的，它的温度低于170毫微开尔文。

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Since they were first made in 1995, Bose-Einstein condensates have become commonplace as experimental tools.

自1995年第一次产生集体原子，“Bose - Einstein”冷凝物就成为普通的实验工具。

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That, at least, was the conclusion of Satyendranath Bose and Albert Einstein, who did the relevant sums in the 1920s, decades before anyone had made a laser, let alone the Bose-Einstein condensate that is named in their honour.

ECONOMIST: The 2001 Nobel prizes: Playing catch-up | The

Their tool, the Bose-Einstein condensate, is a superchilled soup of matter that can be created only when the temperature is near absolute zero.

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The physics prize went to the first makers of Bose-Einstein condensates.

ECONOMIST: The 2001 Nobel prizes: Playing catch-up | The