Sight Savers International offers treatment such as cataract operations, to those whose sight can be saved, and educates healthcare workers about potential conditions which could cause blindness - such as vitamin A deficiency in childhood.
Some succumbed to beriberi -- caused by a vitamin deficiency and easily treatable.
Having a vitamin deficiency (such as of calcium or magnesium) may be linked with teeth grinding, so it's important to follow a well-balanced, nutritious diet and take a multivitamin supplement if needed.
Overall, those most at risk for a vitamin-D deficiency were older, female, obese, drank milk less than once a week, and spent more than four hours a day watching TV, playing video games, or working on a computer.
However, a vitamin B-12 deficiency is most often due to a lack of a substance called intrinsic factor.
Whether or not Clemens can demonstrate a vitamin B-12 deficiency, he is going to have to contend with questions about why chose injections of a vitamin that is found naturally in meat, fish and dairy products or in commercially-produced and readily-available pill form.
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Vitamin B-12 deficiency can result from a diet lacking in vitamin B-12, which is found mainly in meat, eggs and milk.
But the scientific evidence that demonstrates such effects has been shown in individuals who have a vitamin B-12 deficiency.
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Her exam revealed inordinately high levels of gastrin--an indicator of atrophic gastritis or pernicious anemia, a deficiency of vitamin B12.
Stephen Nussey, professor of Endocrinology at St Georges Hospital in London, explained that rickets is a severe aspect of vitamin D deficiency.
He also pointed out that ricketts, a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency, has virtually disappeared in recent years, while Crohn's has soared.
In the last 10 years, doctors have been seeing more cases of vitamin D deficiency, leading to a debate over the use of food supplements and concern that many medical staff are unaware of the problem.
Vitamin B-12 deficiency anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is called pernicious anemia.
The college is to produce leaflets in a bid to raise awareness of vitamin D deficiency among the profession.
Vitamin D deficiency has gained attention recently as a common problem.
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Not only can this lead to an increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis in general, but vitamin D deficiency has also been cited as a contributor to increased rates of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease among African-Americans.
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Taking too much folic acid - over 1mg a day - can mask signs of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Vitamin B-12 deficiency can also be caused by a tapeworm ingested from contaminated fish, because the tapeworm saps nutrients from your body.
Professors Brian Wharton and Ian Booth, from the Institutes of Child Health in London and Birmingham, warned that in people with vitamin B12 deficiency, consumption of folic acid may mask a condition called megaloblastic anaemia - which if not picked up can lead to degeneration of the spinal cord.
This is not adequate evidence to show that vitamin D deficiency causes diabetes nor that vitamin D supplementation is a legitimate treatment for diabetes.
Vitamin D supplements are recommended for all people at risk of a deficiency, including all pregnant and breastfeeding women, children under five years old, people aged over 65, and people at risk of not getting enough exposure to sunlight.
Vitamin D appears to regulate insulin production in the pancreas, and a deficiency could raise diabetes risk.
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